Firstly, thanks for that paper. It cites two sources for Mescaline-induced HPPD. The first, citation 16, is this paper, which mentions Mescaline HPPD several times.
-One is Havelock Ellis's case, which as I've said before I don't believe is HPPD due to his glowing endorsement of Mescaline.
-Another is a study of members of Peyotism, none of which got HPPD after extensive Peyote use.
-Another is two papers by Dr. Abraham from 1983 and 1984. The 1983 one draws no distinction between Mescaline and LSD use and only has one final number as a result, which is annoying. The other one I cannot access.
-Another is another paper, which itself correlated Mescaline to HPPD a couple of times. This 1960 paper contacted some investigators of psychedelics, and "The fleeting recurrence of the mescaline state after a period of complete recovery was listed by four investigators. One wonders whether this phasic relapse may not be somewhat more frequent with mescaline than with LSD".
This seems to suggest that HPPD is actually more common with Mescaline than with LSD. Another part of the 1960 paper read: "Three interesting delayed reations to mescaline are related by Harley-Mason et al. (7). In each instance these were associated with either excessive fatigue or stress. For eample, one patient two weeks after exposure to 400mg. of mescaline became physically and mentally exhausted. She saw dark, moving objects, and with her eyes closed, dull colored, hypnagogic imagery.".
This sounds like HPPD. This 1958 Harley-Mason paper that reported it is not publicly accessible, so the only information I have about it comes from your citation 16, which mentions this same 1958 paper, saying that it among others was "...excluded for containing fewer than eight cases". Now either those three cases were out of less than eight total, which puts the risk of HPPD from Mescaline around 40% at best. Considering the hundreds of Erowid reports of single-drug Mescaline use, not one of which describes HPPD after use, this figure is just impossible. So what's more likely is that these three cases were out of an un-reported or unknown sample size, making estimating the prevalence of HPPD from Mescaline impossible using this information.
The other source for Mescaline-induced HPPD from your paper is source 23. It reads:
"Lerner, A.G. Flashbacks and Hppd (Hallucinogenic Persisting Perception Disorder): Clinical Aspects and Pharmacological Treatment. In Proceedings of the First World Congress of the World Association on Dual Disorders, Madrid, Spain, 23–26 March 2017"
No matter how hard I look, I can't find this thing. I emailed Mr. Lerner, I'll let you know if he gets back to me.
So, what are the results from this search? Well, there are certainly studies detailing instances of what seem to be Mescaline-induced HPPD. They were written before a clinical definition of HPPD was available, and as such they don't cover everything that you need for an HPPD diagnosis, but they certainly sound like the condition.
The only problem is the study on members of the Native American Church, which was done in more modern times when a definition of HPPD existed and where HPPD was specifically asked about. This study has problems, but less than the ones from the 50s and 60s, and it says that no members of Peyotism report HPPD, something which is backed up by my inquiries of another Native American church last week. These two conclusions appear irreconcilable.
In conclusion to this, I agree with you. It does seem like all Hallucinogens and Psychedelics can cause it. And this is true - Visual Snow is like HPPD but with no identifiable cause at all, some people just wake up with visual snow and tinnitus and mild hallucinations and all the rest of it. If people can get it from nothing at all, then they can get it from LSD. And Mescaline. And air. Nothing is totally without risk of anything.
But because of how scarce the evidence seems to be, and the lack of firsthand accounts, I still maintain that I think there's something about Mescaline that's different to other HPPD-causing drugs, in regard to its ability to, well, cause HPPD. And this needs to be looked into more, because if it turns out that Mescaline causes HPPD much less often, then the word should be spread for people to try Mescaline as their first psychedelic, not LSD. This could reduce HPPD cases.
And as always, sorry for the stupidly long length of this post. I've probably made some big errors and I've definitely made some small ones.